KARYOLOGICAL STUDIES IN (CAPSICUM CHINENSES JACQS. VAR. ATTARUGU), GIREI LGA, ADAMAWA STATE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53555/env.v9i1.2189Keywords:
Capsicum chinense, Karyotype, Root tips, diploid, symmetrical, CytogeneticsAbstract
Abstract: The genus Capsicum of the Solanaceae family, which are found in tropical and temperate regions worldwide, are valued as spices or vegetables by many different cultures. The research was undertaken at the Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Plant Science, Modibbo Adama University, Yola. The objective of this research was to develop the Karyotype of Capsicum chinenses Jacqs. var. Attarugu variety collected from farmers in Girei LGA, Adamawa State and to understand possibilities of its use in genetic improvement of Capsicum genus. Seeds were germinated on moist filter paper in Petri dishes. Root-tips were pretreated in 0.05% colchicines for 5 hours and fixed in acetic ethanol (1:3v/v). The pre-fixed roots were rinsed in running tap water for 1 minute and then fixed directly into Carnoy’s Fluid (Glacial acetic acid, chloroform, and absolute ethanol in a 6:3:1 ratio) solution for 24 hours. The roots were then removed and stored in 70% ethanol until required for cytological analysis. Squashing technique was used in 2% acetic-orcein stain for 3 minutes. Light microscope with (MOTIC Camera Version 2.0) for microphotograph and (IDIEOKAR software Version 2.7) for measuring ideogram and other parameters. The results revealed that there was 2n = 2x = 24 diploids chromosome number, total form of chromosomes was 33.07, coefficient of variation in chromosomes length was 15.24, coefficient of variation in Centromere index was 23.75 and symmetrical tendency of the variety were observed. Karyotype formula (KF) was 7M+15SM+ 2St, respectively.
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