THE HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONDITIONS OF JOURNALISTS IN INTERNATIONAL LAW

Authors

  • Abul Firdaus Bayinat Basha Al Bajali

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.53555/a.v1i1.2233

Keywords:

development, history, status, journalists, international law

Abstract

This study dealt with the issue of journalists in international law in:

It presents the press and its controls, and the links of the press: their nature, origins, protection and impact on societal, human and cultural development, and their legal rules. The study concluded that the media in general and the press in particular have taken a large and important space in the most prominent fields of contemporary life, especially open-source social media, and it has affected most aspects of human, natural and cosmic activity; It was worth studying all their aspects to clarify the position of Sharia and the law on them and their rulings on them. There is no doubt about the necessity and necessity of submitting them to their controls to ensure optimal benefit from them, as they are among the services that are indispensable in our contemporary time. The conditions and rights of journalists are of great importance in the field of public international law and international humanitarian law, in many respects. In times of peace, journalists play a role in educating society, exposing flaws and corruption, and reviewing events taking place in the country or in other regions of the world. International law has granted journalists protection and the possibility of free expression and monitoring of the facts that occur here and there as they are, by granting him the right to express what he sees or observes, and what he concludes in the sphere of his presence and the sphere of his activity, and this right is enshrined in the framework of human rights. Since the media and the press are of such vitality and importance, this topic was undertaken according to the requirements of the study. This study was based on the extrapolation of the issues in which the opinions of scholars varied according to the multiplicity of factors related to the edge, according to an applied analytical methodology.

References

. Mathen, Michael, News from the New World Information and Communication System. Recurring International

Conservative Debate, Avery Magazine, Volume XII, 2011.

. Al-Muslimi, Ibrahim Abdullah, Media Legislation, previous reference.

. Al-Senussi, Mukhtar Moftah, previous reference, International Media Foundations and Concepts, Zahran House

for Publishing and Distribution, the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, Amman, 2008.

. Abdel Meguid, Laila, Press Legislation in the Arab World (Reality and Future Prospects), Egypt Arab House for

Publishing and Distribution, 2001.

. Bassiouni, Mohamed Sherif, Human Rights (global and regional documents), The World for Millions, first edition,

November 1988.

. Bassiouni, Mahmoud Sharif, Human Rights (global and regional documents), op. reference, p. 328, Al-Muslimi,

Ibrahim Abdullah, media legislation.

. Galois, Alexandre Balje, Protection of Journalists and the Media in Times of Armed Conflict, Report of the

International Committee of the Red Cross, see: Article II, Paragraph A of the draft United Nations Convention on

the Protection of Journalists on Dangerous Duties in Areas of Armed Conflict, 1/8/1975 .

. Ibn Rushd, Abu al-Walid Muhammad bin Ahmed bin Rushd al-Qurtubi (595 AH), The Beginning of the Mujtahid

and the End of the Economical, Dar Al-Hadith, Cairo, 2004 AD, 2/145-146.

. Abu Khawat, Maher Jamil, Protection of Journalists and Media During Armed Conflicts, Arab Renaissance House,

. Abu Al-Wafa, Ahmed, Categories covered by the protection of international humanitarian law, the Seventh Annual

Scientific Conference: International Humanitarian Law and its Applications to the Occupied Territories, Mansoura

University - Faculty of Law, April, 2003, Volume Two.

. Mahmoud, Abdel-Ghani, International Humanitarian Law, Arab Renaissance House for Publishing and

Distribution, 1998.

. Azmy, Zakaria Hussein, From Theory of War to The Theory of Armed Conflict, Master's Thesis, Faculty of Law -

Cairo University, 1978.

. Shamouri, Suleiman Bin Jazea, Globalization and Media Freedom in the Arab World, The Algerian Journal of

Political and Media Sciences, Issue: 2 Winter 2002-2003.

. Nawafleh, Youssef Ahmed, Legal Protection of Copyright, First Edition, House of Culture for Publishing and

Distribution, Amman, 2004.

. Al-Munajjid in Arabic Language and Media, Dar Al-Mashreq Press, Edition: 33, Beirut 1992.

. Obaid Atef Adly, Media Theories and Public Opinion, Dar Al-Fikr Al-Arabi, Cairo, 2002.

. Hijab, Muhammad Mounir, The Basics of Public Opinion, Dar Al-Fajr for Publishing and Distribution, Egypt,

. Badr, Ahmed, Public Opinion, Dar Qubaa, Cairo, 1998.

. Fayyad, Amer, Public Opinion and Human Rights, Zahran House, Amman, 2002.

. Saleh, Suleiman, Journalists' Rights in the Arab World, Universities Publishing House, 2004.

. Kirat, Muhammad, Freedom of the Press in the Light of Political Pluralism in Algeria, Damascus University

Journal, Volume 19, Issue 3 + 4, 2003.

. Naimi, Muammar, Protection of Journalists during Armed Conflicts, Master Thesis, Mohamed Khider University

of Biskra, 2015.

. Saleh, Journalists' Rights in the Arab World, previous reference.

. Naimi, Protecting Journalists during Armed Conflicts.

. Naimi, Protecting Journalists during Armed Conflicts.

. The first paragraph of Article (52) of the first protocol.

. Awashrieh, Roquia, International Protection of Civilian Objects in the Time of Non-International Armed Conflicts,

Algerian contributions to international humanitarian law, first edition 2008.

. Mahmoud, Abdel-Ghani, International Human Law.

Downloads

Published

2022-06-17