Relations of the Taliban with Afghan Government

Analyzing the Failure Reasons of Afghan Government in Peace Negotiations with Taliban Since 2001

Abstract

The geographical, geopolitical and geo-strategic location of Afghanistan has made this country most vulnerable in terms of hosting the great game among the super and atomic powers.

The Islamic Republic of Afghanistan is a landlocked country in South-Central Asia. It is bordered by Iran in the west, Pakistan in the south and east, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan in the north, and China in the far northeast. The geographic entity Afghanistan has a very long history and has been an ancient focal point of the Silk Road and Migration. It is an important geostrategic location, connecting East and West Asia. The land has been a target of various invaders, in the late nineteenth century became a buffer state in the Great Game played between the British Empire and Russian Empire. Due to its strategic placement, Afghanistan became the focal point of intense rivalry between Tsarist Russia and Britain during the nineteenth century. During the Cold War, Afghanistan was the focal point of rivalry between the Soviet Union and the US, in 2001 US-led coalitions started the war against the Taliban.

            Peace negotiation is one of the most important issues for Afghanistan government and people, Afghanistan has been engaged in the disaster of war from 40 years, the first when Soviet Union invasion of Afghanistan in 1978 for achieving easy way for warm water, at that time regional countries, U.A.E, Saudi Arabia, and the U.S started propaganda of Soviet Union invasion and the U.S started military and financial aids with Afghan mujahidin by the hand of Pakistan under the name of jihad, people of Afghanistan under his Islamic faith started jihad(Holy War) against Soviet Union in the result two million Afghan civilians were killed, 5 million civilians were refugee to outside of Afghanistan, two million people internally displaced, around 3 million afghans wounded mostly were civilians, afghan mujahedeen at least 90,000   were casualties including 57000 killed. On the other side, Soviet Union forces were 14,453 killed and 53,753 were wounded. During the war Pakistan started diplomatic efforts to provide an exit for Soviet Union from Afghanistan, finally, Geneva Agreement was signed in 1988 and in 1989 the Soviet Union withdrew from Afghanistan.

After the withdrawal of Soviet Union from Afghanistan, countries stopped their supports to Afghanistan, thus mujahedeen started governance in Afghanistan.

The government of Mujahedeen was weak, the Taliban got an opportunity and started the war against mujahedeen and collapsed the Mujahedeen regime and announced the Islamic Government of Taliban (Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan) in 1996. After 9/11 event US got permission of invasion from United Nation and decided to eliminate the terrorist groups from Afghanistan, US attacked Afghanistan in late 2001 and collapsed the Taliban regime and established new government under the presidency of Hamid Karzai, from 2001 till now government of Afghanistan failed in peace process with the Taliban, this paper will explore the reasons of the failing of the peace process of Afghanistan’s government with the Taliban.