Biocidal Activity of Sygium aromaticum (Willd) Against on the Larval Mosquito of Culex quinquefasciatus (Say.) (Diptera: Culicidae)

Abstract

To determine the larvicidal, ovicidal and repellent activities crude Ethylene glycol and acetone extract of Syzium aromaticum against Culex quinquefasciatus. Thirty third, fourth and fifth instarlarvae was selected and it was exposed to various concentrations (100, 150 and-200 ppm) in the laboratory condition. The repellent efficacy was determined against selected mosquitoes at three concentrations viz., 100, 150 and 200ppm under the laboratory conditions. Furthermore, maximum 150 and 200ppmconcentration of acetone extract remarkably showed hundred percentage of repellent effect has been noticed on third fourth and fifth instar larvae of the mosquito except 100ppmin third instar larva. Similarly another extract of ethylene glycol experimental extract was also shown the following repellent effect such as 97.06, 92.57 and 91.34 percentage been noticed on 3 rd, 4th and 5th instar larvae respectively. The LC50 and LC90 values of acetone extract of S. aromaticum against the C. quinquefasciatus larvae in 24 h were as follows7.31, 8.4 and 9.27 represent the third, fourth and fifth instar larvae. Similarly ethylene glycol extract also denoted 9.67. 11.12 And 12.94ppm, respectively. In addition bioactive compounds were analysed through a GCMS technique. Totally eight compounds were identified in the S. aromaticum acetone extracts, representing the 99% of the crude extract, while two compounds such as α,α’humulene and 3,4-di- acetate Eugenol were identified as a peak compoundalong with its retention time and peak abundance 11.64mts 52.53; 17.54mts 62.45% respectively. Meanwhile, 1, 2-dihydroxy eugenol compound observed as a least compound along with fifth and eigth compounds are trace and unknown compounds. Moreover, 2, 2’ dihydroxy copene and 1,2-dihydroxy eugenol two compounds are appeared as an optimum level in the experimental extract. From the results it can be concluded the S. aromaticum acetone extract was an excellent potential for controlling three life stages of C. quinquefasciatus mosquitoes larvae because the mosquitocidal bioactive compound was present in the same experimental plant. Hence the present study was clearly showed that the S. aromaticum acetone extract act as a probable mosquitocidal agent.