Oxidative Stress in Black Jaw Tilapia (Sarotherodon melanotheron ) Exposed to Dimethoate in the Laboratory

Abstract

One of the most often utilized organophosphate insecticides in Nigeria for a variety of pest control applications in agricultural activities is dimethoate. Some of the antioxidants were used as a biomarker test to assess the oxidative effect of the herbicide in Sarotherodon melanotheron plasma. The plasma of S.melanotheron exposed to dimethoate was tested for specific antioxidants, such as glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), lipid peroxidase (LPO), and Glutathione (GSH), in order to assess oxidative stress in fish exposed to varying concentrations of the chemical: 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, and 0.25 mg/l. Blood samples were taken from Sarotherodon melanotheron juveniles and adults, and Randox test kits were used for analysis. Antioxidant study results revealed that, in comparison to the control, CAT and LPO were significantly enhanced in both sizes, but SOD and GSH values decreased dramatically (P<0.05). The juvenile fish showed more noticeable changes than the adult fish, and these changes were concentration-dependent. The obtained findings are consistent with the integrated application of oxidative stress metrics in aquatic ecosystem pollution risk assessment evaluation.